Make the dough: In a large bowl or the bowl of a stand mixer, whisk together flour, baking soda, baking powder, and salt. In a small bowl, whisk sourdough discard, milk, egg, honey, and melted butter. Pour wet ingredients into dry and mix on low until a shaggy dough forms. Knead on medium speed for 2–3 minutes, until smooth. Cover and let rest for 10 minutes.
Roll and fill: On a lightly floured surface, roll dough into a 10x29” rectangle. Use a bench scraper or sharp knife to cut the rectangle in half crosswise, creating two shorter rectangles. Mis softened butter, brown sugar, cinnamon, and vanilla together. Evenly spread over surface, top with sprinkles.
Shape and slice: Roll each rectangle tightly from the long edge into a log. Trim ends with unflavored dental floss or a sharp knife, then cut each log into about 12–13 mini rolls (roughly 1” each). I dipped each top into sprinkles before placing in baking dish to really add a some extra sparkle.
Bake: Arrange rolls in a parchment-lined baking dish or cast iron skillet, leaving a little space between. Bake at 375°F for 20–22 minutes, until golden brown.
Make the frosting: After rolls are done baking, combine egg whites, sugar, water, cream of tartar, and salt in a double boiler or glass bowl over pot halfway filled with water. Beat with a hand mixer on medium for about 7 minutes, until thick, glossy, and fluffy. Remove from heat and beat in vanilla.If you don't have a hand mixer (like me) whisk mixture until it reaches 140F, then pour into kitchen aid mixer and set timer for 7 minutes. Frost and serve: Let rolls cool until just warm to the touch before generously swirling frosting over the tops. Serve warm, topped with lots of sprinkles.